by Tara E. l January 21, 2025
Racial health disparities in diabetes and obesity management remain a pressing concern, particularly in the use of GLP-1 receptor agonists like semaglutide (Ozempic, Wegovy) and tirzepatide (Mounjaro or Zepbound). These medications offer promising benefits but are often underutilized by African Americans, a population with disproportionately higher rates of type 2 diabetes and obesity.
Benefits of GLP-1 Receptor Agonists
GLP-1 receptor agonists provide multiple health benefits, including:
- Improved Glycemic Control: These medications help regulate blood sugar levels effectively.
- Weight Loss: Proven to aid in significant weight reduction, crucial for diabetes and obesity management.
- Heart Health: Research shows these drugs lower the risk of cardiovascular disease.
- Neurocognitive Protection: A recent study linked their use to a 12% reduction in Alzheimer’s disease risk.
Risks and Side Effects GLP-1
While GLP-1 receptor agonists offer substantial benefits, they also come with risks, such as:
- Gastrointestinal Issues: Nausea, diarrhea, and vomiting, particularly in the initial stages of treatment.
- Increased Risk for Certain Conditions: Studies suggest a higher likelihood of pancreatic and joint disorders among users.
Racial Disparities in GLP-1 Prescription
Despite the advantages, African Americans are less likely to receive GLP-1 receptor agonists. Research from the U.S. Veterans Affairs Medical System reveals that Black veterans with diabetes had 26% lower odds of being prescribed semaglutide compared to white veterans. Another study found that Black patients are 20% less likely to begin newer diabetes treatments, exacerbating existing health disparities.
Why Equitable Access Matters
African Americans are disproportionately affected by diabetes-related complications, such as kidney disease and heart failure. Increasing access to GLP-1 receptor agonists is critical to bridging the gap in healthcare outcomes and improving the quality of life for this underserved community.
Call to Action
To address these disparities, we must:
- Educate healthcare providers on the benefits of GLP-1 receptor agonists for all patients.
- Advocate for policy changes promoting equitable prescription practices.
- Ensure affordability and accessibility of these life-changing medications for African American communities.
By prioritizing equitable healthcare, we can reduce racial disparities and empower all individuals to achieve better health outcomes.
Sources
- Financial Times. (n.d.). Diabetes drug linked to lower Alzheimer’s risk but some other risks identified. Retrieved from https://www.ft.com/content/015e989d-75ca-4cbe-b315-13f910e35b62
- Hopkins Medicine. (2022). Study finds minorities who most need new diabetes medications aren’t getting them. Retrieved from https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/news/newsroom/news-releases/2022/01/study-finds-minorities-who-most-need-new-diabetes-medications-arent-getting-them
- Reuters. (2024). U.S. minority veterans face unequal access to Ozempic, Wegovy, study finds. Retrieved from https://www.reuters.com/business/healthcare-pharmaceuticals/us-minority-veterans-face-unequal-access-ozempic-wegovy-study-finds-2024-11-11
- Time. (2025). The health risks and benefits of weight loss drugs like Ozempic and Wegovy. Retrieved from https://time.com/7207986/health-risks-benefits-weight-loss-drugs-ozempic-wegovy
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